Indirect wastes are required, in certain situations, to insure that equipment and fixtures are protected from unsanitary conditions that could result from being directly connected to the sanitary drainage system. It is critical that fixtures and equipment used in the preparation and dispensing of food and beverages kept free from contamination. Stills and sterilizing devices present another challenge to the plumber. Indirect wastes not only protect fixtures, they are used to protect the sanitary system from steam and hot water damage. The study of indirect wastes is not only a study of plumbing, it is a study of safety. This class has been approved by the Iowa Plumbing and Mechanical Systems Board for two hours of plumbing code.