This course will cover nitrification, which is a microbiological process by which reduced nitrogen compounds (primarily ammonia) are sequentially oxidized to nitrite and nitrate. Nitrification can be problematic in potable water systems that use chloramines for residual (or secondary) disinfection. The objectives of this course are: current practices of water suppliers and issues related to nitrification; provide water utilities with the latest information on nitrification in water distribution systems; provide information to help utilities maintain a chloramine residual and overall water quality in tap water; and help utilities effectively prevent and mitigate nitrification episodes that may occur in their systems.